Overview
Medullary thyroid carcinoma arises from C-cells, produces calcitonin.
Symptoms
- •Neck mass
- •Diarrhea (calcitonin)
- •Flushing
Stages
Stage IStage IIStage IIIStage IV
Diagnosis
- ✓Calcitonin level
- ✓CEA
- ✓RET genetic testing
- ✓Biopsy
Treatments
- →Total thyroidectomy + lymph node dissection
- →Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Risk Factors
⚠️RET mutation
⚠️MEN2 syndrome
Key Facts
- ℹ️5-10% of thyroid cancers
- ℹ️25% familial (MEN2)
ICD-10: C73 | Prevalence: nadir
Last updated: 11/9/2025