Overview
Urothelial carcinoma is the most common bladder cancer, arising from transitional epithelium.
Symptoms
- •Painless hematuria
- •Frequent urination
- •Urinary urgency
- •Pelvic pain (advanced)
Stages
Ta (non-invasive)Tis (CIS)T1T2T3T4
Diagnosis
- ✓Urine cytology
- ✓Cystoscopy
- ✓TURBT
- ✓CT urography
- ✓Biopsy
Treatments
- →TURBT + intravesical BCG
- →Radical cystectomy
- →Chemotherapy
- →Immunotherapy (PD-1)
Risk Factors
⚠️Smoking
⚠️Chemical exposure
⚠️Age >55
⚠️Male gender
Key Facts
- ℹ️>90% of bladder cancers
- ℹ️5-yr survival: 96% (Ta), 5% (T4)
ICD-10: C67.9 | Prevalence: çok yaygın
Last updated: 11/9/2025